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Written by Shahida Arabi, MA

When the term narcissism is used in popular culture, there is usually a definitive statement declaring that all narcissists must have a background of childhood trauma and abuse. However, according to research that’s not always the case – at least, not in the way people definitively describe it.

There have actually been mixed empirical “results” on the causes of narcissism from studies that have investigated it, with some studies showing contradictory results regarding which parenting styles result in grandiose or vulnerable narcissistic traits. The results so far suggest that narcissists may come from a variety of backgrounds – whether that includes overvaluation, lenient parenting, some form of neglect or maltreatment, or a combination of factors.”

https://selfcarehaven.substack.com/p/the-causes-and-origins-of-narcissism?s=r